Health Aspects Of Cocoa Essay -- essays research papers

Proposition: The turn of events and appropriation of cocoa has positively affected the present society in light of it's dynamic job in every day health.I. History of CocoaA. Kakahutal Mayan and Aztec CultureB. Prologue to EuropeC. Cocoa PressII. Mental and Physical HealthA. MigrainesB. Cholesterol1. Stearic Acid2. Oleic Acid3. FlavonoidsC.     Premenstrual SyndromeD. Kidney StonesE. Substance Craving Theories1. Theobromine2. Phenylithylamine3. EndorphinsChocolate, one America's top industry's. We produce more chocolate and chocolate items than some other nation, over 2.9 billion pounds per year. There has been a lot of debate about the absence of healthy benefit of in it's substance, yet new examinations have demonstrated that cocoa, used to cause chocolate, to can be beneficial for you. The turn of events and dispersion of cocoa has positively affected the present society in light of it's dynamic job in day by day health.Cocoa was last gone back to the Mayan and Aztec societies in 1502. On Columbus' last journey he brought a couple of cocoa beans from the new world to Spain yet they were presented as simply seeds thus they were overlooked. Until 1519 when the Spanish pilgrim Hernando Cortez arrived during his undertaking to Mexico he happened upon the individuals known as the Aztecs. While there he feasted with a significant number of the rich and influential individuals of this general public. He detailed that these individuals drink astonishing measures of something they called choclatl (Chocolate! 12). Chocolatl a drink produced using corn feast, bean stew peppers, vanilla, and kakahutal or cocoa as it's known today. Cortez figured the if an Aztec lord preferred chocolatl, a Spanish ruler would as well. So he carried a few beans to Europe as one of the marvelous fortunes from America. The Spanish eminence called their new beverage chocolate. They improved it with sugar or nectar and seasoned it with cinnamon. In any case, since the Spanish couldn't get enough beans for themselves, they would not like to impart them to any other individual. They stayed quiet so well that, for a long time, not very many individuals in Europe thought about chocolate. At the point when the mystery at last spilled out, just rich individuals could manage the cost of the extravagance. In any case, soon an ever increasing number of beans were being developed, and better methods of transforming them into chocolate were found. Chocolate turned out to be mainstream to the point that cocoa bars, houses where you can go eat and drink all the chocolate you wished, popped ... ...voided on account of cocoa items. The turn of events and circulation of cocoa has positively affected the present society as a result of it's dynamic job in day by day wellbeing. This has been demonstrated not just through the historical backdrop of dispersion behind cocoa, yet in addition it's physical and mental impacts on the human body. It has become a piece of our strict society and will consistently remain as a cherished memory to us. Works Consulted"Chocolate." New Standard Encyclopedia. 1995 ed."Chocolate!" Ranger Rick 30 Feb. 1996: 12-16."Chocolate's Not a Culprit." Industry Week 247 March 16, 1996: 66."Cocoa." New Standard Encyclopedia. 1995 ed."Columbus." New Standard Encyclopedia. 1995 ed."Cortez." New Standard Encyclopedia. 1995 ed.Friedman, Max. "A Bittersweet Romance." Vegetarian Times 2 (1996): 74-81.Hearts May Safely Flutter Over Valentine's Chocolates. [Online] Available <a href="http://www.geisner.edu">http://www.geisner.edu, April 18, 1998.Jaret, Peter. "Three Cheers For Chocolate." Health 11 (1997): 30-33.Waterhouse, Debra. "Why Women Need Chocolate." Good Housekeeping 220 (1995): 81-88.

The Process of N-Back Test

Question: Expound on theProcess of N-Back Test. Answer: Presentation The n-back undertaking is one of the most seasoned however the still instrument of evaluation. The activity includes a proceeds with execution of a specific assignment which is generally utilized in subjective neuroscience as an assessment in order to quantify a piece of the memory limit that is filling in just as the working memory (Colom, 2013). Procedure The subject of this test is open with one arrangement of motivating forces, and the general errand is made of meaning as the current impetuses coordinate those of the past arrangement. The Load of the n factor could once in a while be balanced to cause the errand to be more or be simpler (Forns, 2014). In order to clarify the pictorial n-back, the assessment is nearly the equivalent to the regular memory round of mindfulness. But instead than the different things which are fixed in a specific site on the game board. Close by is lone one thing which appears in assorted areas of the willing board every step of the way. 1-N, for this situation, infers that one figures out how to think back the area of the valuable component and the 2-N proposes that one perceives the situation of the things two tuners back and the cycle proceeds (Forns, 2014). References Colom, R. R. (2013). Versatile n-back preparing doesn't improve liquid insight at the develop level: Gains on singular tests propose that preparation may upgrade visuospatial handling. Insight,, 41(5), 712-727. Forns, J. E.- V.- G.- P. (2014). The n-back Test and the Attentional Network Task as proportions of kid neuropsychological improvement in epidemiological examinations. Neuropsychology,, 28(4), 519.

A Note on the Growth of Research in Service Operations Management Free Essays

string(180) particular assistance tasks articles (see the Appendix for a total list) and recorded data on the author(s) and writer af? liation(s) at the hour of publication. Creation AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Vol. 16, No. 6, November-December 2007, pp. We will compose a custom paper test on A Note on the Growth of Research in Service Operations Management or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now 780 â€790 issn 1059-1478 07 1606 780$1. 25 POMS doi 10. 3401/poms.  © 2007 Production and Operations Management Society A Note on the Growth of Research in Service Operations Management Jeffery S. Smith †¢ Kirk R. Karwan †¢ Robert E. Markland Division of Marketing, Florida State University, Rovetta Business Building, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA Department of Business and Accounting, Furman University, 3300 Poinsett Highway, Greenville, South Carolina 29613, USA Management Science Department, Moore School of Business, University of South Carolina, 1705 College Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA jssmith@cob. fsu. edu †¢kirk. karwan@furman. edu †¢bobbym@moore. sc. edu e present an observational evaluation of the efficiency of people and establishments as far as administration tasks the executives (SOM) explore. We checked on ? ve standard tasks the executives diaries over a 17-year timespan to produce an example of 463 articles identified with administration activities. The outcomes show that SOM investigate has been developing and key commitments are being made by a variety of scientists and foundations. Catchphrases: explore profitability; investigate survey; administration activities Submissions and Acceptance: Original accommodation: Received November 2005; updates got July 2006 and October 2007; acknowledged October 2007 by Aleda Roth. W 1. Presentation The change of industrialized economies from an assembling base to a help direction is a proceeding with wonder. The pattern is promptly obvious in the United States where, by essentially all records, over 80% of private division business is occupied with a type of administration work (Karmarkar, 2004). Notwithstanding this, onlookers of research in activities the executives (OM) have for quite some time been reproachful of the ? eld for not progressing likewise. One examination by Pannirselvam et al. (1999) looked into 1,754 articles somewhere in the range of 1992 and 1997 of every seven key OM diaries and revealed just 53 (2. 7%) tended to support related issues. Roth and Menor (2003) likewise voiced worry about a lack of research in introducing a Service Operations Management (SOM) examine motivation for what's to come. Despite the specific ? gures, there is unmistakably huge potential and requirement for look into in the administration activities field. Ongoing advancements inside the control are empowering. For instance, Production and Operations Management (POM) and the Production and Operations Management Society (POMS) have found a way to encourage examine in administration tasks. To begin with, the diary as of late distributed three concentrated issues on 780 help tasks. Second, POMS made a general public development, the College of Service Operations, that has facilitated a few national and universal gatherings. At long last, the diary currently has a self-governing article division devoted to support tasks. Different activities to advance the administration tasks the board ? eld incorporate the foundation of IBM’s Service Science, Management, and Engineering activity (Spohrer et al. , 2007) and the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science Section on Service Science. To an enormous degree, the administration activities ? eld has for quite some time been considered to possess a specialty inside tasks the executives. In the event that administration activities the executives analysts are to build up themselves ? rmly inside the OM people group, it is our dispute that their hypothetical commitments to driving scholarly diaries must be all the more broadly perceived and their pertinence to rehearse recognized. As a piece of the push to empower this advancement, the motivation behind this note is twofold: (1) to exhibit that distributed work in the key activities diaries is surely indicating an upward pattern and (2) to encourage research of individual researchers by recognizing the people and establishments that have contributed most to the ? ld of administration tasks. Smith, Karwan, and Markland: Growth of Research in Service Operations Management Production and Operations Management 16(6), pp. 780 â€790,  © 2007 Production and Operations Management Society 781 2. Technique and Results Although considerably more unpredictable instruments exist to gauge â€Å"contribution,† we depended on a clear way to deal with survey commitments by people and foundations. We thought about four issues: (1) the time period for the audit, (2) the diaries to be incorporated, (3) the measurement for profitability, and (4) the way to recognize the articles to be incorporated. To start with, we chose a 17-year time allotment starting with 1990 and going through 2006 on the grounds that we accepted that this interim would give a far reaching image of the administration tasks ? eld as it has created, just as a chance to identify any general patterns. Next, we constrained our appraisal to the outlets identi? ed by the University of Texas at Dallas as the head diaries in tasks the executives (see http://citm. utdallas. edu/utdrankings/). These incorporate 3 diaries committed to OM, the Journal of Operations Management (JOM), Manufacturing and Service Operations Management (MSOM), and POM, and two multidisciplinary diaries, Management Science (MS) and Operations Research (OR). Third, we surveyed insightful profitability by checking the quantity of research articles owing to the two people and their scholarly organizations, relegating a load of 1/n to a writer and their foundation if an article had numerous (â€Å"n†) writers. The ? al issue to decide was what established a SOM article. We ? rst dispensed with any article or research note that focused on horticulture, mining, or assembling. At that point, two writers filled in as free appointed authorities to decide if an article utilized a tasks center while tending to an assistance speci? c issue or circumstance. In situations where there was disTable 1 Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Totals Service % u nderstanding between the two raters, the third creator made the ? al choice. Subsequently, an article was prohibited in the event that it built up a conventional tasks model or included an activities point that was examined in a general manner and was relevant in either an assembling or a help domain. When an article made speci? c reference to support settings and explained on them, it was incorporated. To explain this point, consider the instance of an article exploring a stock situating strategy between a producer and a progression of retailers. The article would be incorporated as relating to support activities in the event that it took the point of view of the retail activity yet would be rejected on the off chance that it took the assembling perspective. Utilizing this approach, we identi? ed 463 particular help tasks articles (see the Appendix for a total rundown) and recorded data on the author(s) and writer af? liation(s) at the hour of distribution. You read A Note on the Growth of Research in Service Operations Management in classification Exposition models The numerical rundown of articles is appeared in Table 1, with each journal’s portion of administration activities articles. Over the 17-year time frame JOM, MSOM, and POM all surpassed 15% of administration articles concerning the absolute number of articles distributed, with OR and MS distributing to some degree littler rates. Furthermore, there is an upward pattern in the absolute number of administration articles showing up in all ? ve diaries, with a checked increment in the previous 3 years (see Figure 1). With respect to JOM and POM, some portion of this move is owing to the distribution of uncommon issues, which is a positive improvement since it shows an elevated accentuation starting at the publication level. The absolute number of people showing up in the example pool was 799. In Table 2, we list 27 people Distribution of Service Operations Publications by Selected Journal and Year JOM 4 1 n/a 2 1 4 3 1 3 6 5 8 3 7 11 13 75 15. 4 MS 3 9 5 4 5 12 4 8 11 15 5 7 3 4 11 16 13 135 6. 5 MSOM n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 3 5 3 1 5 6 28 16. 8 OR 10 5 10 12 6 8 6 7 10 5 9 5 8 6 11 16 150 10. 1 POM n/a n/a 3 1 2 3 2 3 11 2 4 14 11 3 9 75 17. 9 Total 17 15 18 19 14 27 16 18 27 34 25 26 28 45 51 57 463 Service % 7. 0 6. 7 6. 6 7. 8 5. 9 8. 9 6. 3 7. 0 9. 2 12. 5 9. 0 9. 2 8. 8 10. 7 15. 17. 2 17. 2 10. 0 Note. n/a (not relevant) demonstrates that no issue was distributed in the speci? c diary in the objective year; aggregates demonstrate the entirety of all assistance tasks articles in the prominent year/diary; administration % shows the portrayal of administration articles in contrast with the complete number of articles distributed. 782 Figure 1 Smith, Karwan, and Markland: Growth of Rese arch in Service Operations Management Production and Operations Management 16(6), pp. 780 â€790,  © 2007 Production and Operations Management Society Distribution of Service Articles over the Investigation Period 70 Number of Service Articles 60 50 40 30 20 10 2001 2004 1990 1993 1995 1998 2000 2002 2003 1994 1999 1991 1992 1996 1997 Year who contributed the most articles on SOM in the ? ve diaries. We led a similar examination by establishment, and it brought about 343 associations showing up in the example. Columbia University contributed the most articles, with a score of 16. 17. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Minnesota, and the University of Pennsylvania followed with efficiency scores more noteworthy than 12. Table 3 records the rest of the 26 most beneficial organizations. Albeit plainly subordinate upon the j

Effective Counselling Services Essay - 275 Words

Effective Counselling Services (Essay Sample) Content: COUNSELLING ADOLESCENTS WITH DRUG ABUSE ISSUESName:Institution:Counselling adolescents with drug abuse issuesCounselling programmes implemented in schools or agencies meets with one of the most difficult questions of whether to break secrecy to inform parents/ guardian of adolescents with serious drug abuse problems. The decision of break the confidentiality or not lies with the importance that it encourages trust and open communication during counsellingCITATION Sul05 \p 396-401 \l 1033 (Sullivan, 2005, pp. 396-401). According to CITATION Wei05 \p 432 \l 1033 (Weiner, 2005, p. 432), confidentiality continues to change from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Doctor knows allà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ towards à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"patient knows allà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬. This implies that trust is the centre point in the counsellor-client relationship. Legal and ethical considerations to break the confidentiality of the adolescent is a dilemma on the counsellors boundaries like not doing something in safeguarding the yo uth may make them hurt themselves or allow the adolescent to suffer.Adolescents and minors have a greater reliance on trust and value the confidentiality and loyalty of the counsellorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s agreement to preserve privacy as this is the main reason the adolescent report issues like substance abuse. According to (ACA, 2005) however gives opposing views on both ethical and legal issue. ACA Section B.1 states à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Counsellors act in the best interest of the client and safeguard their privacy and confidentialityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬. Section B. 2 of the ACA allows exceptions of to disclose information in case of grave and foreseeable harm and legal requirements demanding revealing confidential information. As an adolescent seeks advice and counselling for substance abuse, CITATION Gus87 \l 1033 (Gustafson, 1987) suggests that most jurisdictions allow legal consent, consideration and treatment of the minor be without parental consent.An adolescent may be permitted consent and privac y of treatment under some circumstances. Some of them are the youth of 15 years or older; the minor is living independently and separate from the parents or guardians and is managing own financial affairs regardless of the source.As a counsellor, incorporating code of ethics in dealing with adolescents seeking help with substance abuse problems will assist in benefiting the client. Moreover, protecting the adolescentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬&trad...

The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay

Teen alcoholism is a problem that has been plaguing the United States for many decades now. The legal age for alcohol consumption is twenty-one years old in every state of the United States, but this law is commonly broken. The fact that it has not been strictly enforced caused an outbreak of alcohol consumption between minors all over, and because of this, we have been accepting teenage drinking more than ever. The problem lies in the lack of law enforcement, the acceptance by parents and guardians, and the overall attitude of teenagers themselves. Although there are many ways to attempt to treat alcoholism, we find few solutions to be effective (Underage Drinking, 2012). Alcoholism is defined as a disorder characterized by the†¦show more content†¦The most popular problem that occurs with drinking is academic problems, others include things such as trauma, date rape, recklessness, vandalism and pregnancy in women. In a recent study 56,000 students reported a slip in their grades. Students went from an A to Ds and Fs, their GPAs dropped which will effects their future career plans as well as any scholarships they are receiving or attempting to receive (MADD[a], 2015). Alcoholism is the most common drug abuse problem in the United States. Eleven million Americans suffer from it. This abuse occurs in several different ways: loss of control over drinking, getting drunk daily, or drinking every weekend. It is usually marked by withdrawal symptoms and by increasing tolerance for alcohol. It is a chronic, progressive, relapsing brain disease. Five percent of Americans die of alcoholism and ninety-five percent of alcoholics die of alcoholism. Its physical, social, and psychological effects tend to get progressively worse (High Cost, 2015). Is alcoholism genetic or is it due to lack of self-control? Through research, Dr. Robert R. Perkinson attests that alcoholism is nothing to be ashamed of because it is genetic. There are different genetic types of alcoholi sm. Perkinson distinguished two forms of alcoholism. One type is an environmental related type of alcoholism, associated with recurrent alcohol abuse, but without criminality in the biological parents. The other type was found to be highlyShow MoreRelated The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay1870 Words   |  8 Pagescalendars of most teens are full of alcohol. Other drugs rise and fall in popularity from generation to generation, but alcohol never really goes out of style. From being worshiped by the ancient Babylonians to being forbidden to teenagers, alcohol has caused many problems. Today, drinking is the drug of choice by teens and causes most wrecks and deaths today. To understand alcohol people must first know the history of alcohol, the effects of teen drinking, and the solutions to teen drinking.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  AlcoholRead More The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pagescommonsense, but what is more, something that every one knows about in general but may not in particular. Alcohol use among teenagers is a serious problem and is responsible for death and injury in automobile accidents, physical and emotional disability, deterioration of academic performances, aggressive behavior that causes a number of other sociological problems in families and among friends. It is also the primary cause of criminal behavior and a leading cause of broken marriages. As we know its a broadRead MoreTeenage Alcoholism1078 Words   |  5 Pagesstatistics on alcoholism and alcohol abuse statistics, even though alcohol has been used in a number of diverse ways. a. Throughout history these ways can be called useful, however, known thousands of years ago that abusive and excessive drinking led to negative outcomes and adverse alcohol side effects. b. The symptoms associated with this are mostly societal and personal problems. 2. Research studies have shown that teenage alcoholism is correlated to the age at which teens start drinkingRead MoreEssay about Unbderage Drinking934 Words   |  4 Pages Is Underage Drinking a Big Issue in the United States? Teenagers rarely think before they do many things. Many times teenagers go to big blowouts or little get together with their friends. Their first thought is not about death, their grades, or alcoholism; their main purpose is to get drunk fast and sober up before going home by their set curfews. Each year most teen deaths have been caused from underage drinking in the United States, which is a big topic that the government is trying to preventRead MoreAlcohol and Drug Abuse Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagesa liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent. (Online Dictionary) Although it is legal in the United States it is still illegal to those who aren’t twenty one years of age and other. This includes those persons of age purchasing alcohol for those under age. To some college students, heavy drinking that leads to vomiting is not alcohol abuse but simply having a good time. Alcoholism or alcohol dependence is a chronic disorder characterized by compulsive, repeated, and excessive consumptionRead MoreAlcoholism: Symptoms, Causes, and Effects Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesAlcoholism: Symptoms, Causes, and Effects Composition I April 1, 1997 Alcoholism is a disease that affects many people in the United States today. It not only affects the alcoholic, but also their family, friends, co- workers, and eventually total strangers. The symptoms are many, as are the causes and the effects. Alcoholism is defined as a pattern of drinking in which harmful consequences result for the drinker, yet, they continue to drink. There are two types of drinkers. The first typeRead MoreTeenage Alcoholism1175 Words   |  5 PagesTeenage Alcoholism By Austin J. Russell December 14, 2011 Teenage drinking. What is it about drinking that teenagers find so attractive? Social influences? Confidence? Respect from others? The focus of this article is on why the highest percentage of alcohol drinkers is young people and teenagers like me and the reasons behind that percentage. Statistics show that the highest percentage of alcoholics, at least in the United States lies in the younger population. This figure is 31.5% (wwwRead MoreEssay about Teenage Alcoholism1629 Words   |  7 Pages ALCOHOLISM This research paper is on alcoholism and its affect on teenagers and adults. This piece will fully outline alcohol from its origin, and different types of alcohol, all the way to the treatment of alcohol addiction. Reading this paper will hopefully shed some light on the fact that people with an alcohol addiction do not only hurt and affect themselves, but also make the people around them susceptible to the same fate. I.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ethyl alcohol (also known as drinkingRead MoreLargest Number of Consumers of Alcohol in the United States are Teenages556 Words   |  3 Pagesthe most universally used and abused drug in the United States. An issue that continues to rise in today’s public health is alcohol use. Consuming alcohol in excessive amounts is not only a problem in the United States but worldwide as well. The largest number of consumers is teenagers. During this period of development, teens are faced with a multitude of pressures whether it’s trying to maintain good grades in school or perform well in sports. Teens may also be influenced by various factors thatRead MoreAlcohol Consumption : The Effects Of Alcohol On The Body1312 Words   |  6 PagesAwareness of alcohol and the misuse of alcohol is a very serious and dangerous drug that is affecting individuals and families worldwide. It is a lethal drug that causes physical injuries, mental health problems and eve n deaths. According to the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism studies have shown that serious consequences of consuming alcohol can cause havoc on at least 5 major organs. When alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream it is distributed throughout your body and will The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay General View: Its very interesting that I find myself writing about something that not only is commonsense, but what is more, something that every one knows about in general but may not in particular. Alcohol use among teenagers is a serious problem and is responsible for death and injury in automobile accidents, physical and emotional disability, deterioration of academic performances, aggressive behavior that causes a number of other sociological problems in families and among friends. It is also the primary cause of criminal behavior and a leading cause of broken marriages. As we know its a broad topic therefore Ill look at the role that alcohol plays in the society and its impact on teenage addiction. MATTER OF CONCERN†¦show more content†¦Parents, teenagers and educators often fail to realize the potential for problems that alcohol presents to the immature psyche and body(Kay Healey, 1997). At the time when body and emotions are maturing, frequent or excessive use of alcohol can cause irrapareable damage. MISCONCEPTION: Drinking alcohol is only viewed as an adult behavior in the society. Alcoholic beverages are advertised and marketed as being associated with sexuality and romance, but, infact alcohol is a depressant which decreases overall sexual performance and dulls pleasurable feelings. (Kay Healey,1997) FAMILY FACTORS: Parental attitude and behavior regarding alcohol use play important role in how their children view its use. Evidence exists that a family history of antisocial and poor parenting increases the risk of having children who use alcohol and other drugs. The home is the primary source of alcohol for the young adolescent. ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT: Teenagers report that they drink for enjoyment, to forget problems or to reduce stress and anxiety in their lives. Teenagers, however are at increased risk of becoming intoxicated while drinking less than adults because of their limited experience with alcohol and smaller body size. Depressed or those teenagers who have been physically or sexually abused may use alcohol in an attempt to cope with their psychological distress DRUNK DRIVINGShow MoreRelated The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay1870 Words   |  8 Pagescalendars of most teens are full of alcohol. Other drugs rise and fall in popularity from generation to generation, but alcohol never really goes out of style. From being worshiped by the ancient Babylonians to being forbidden to teenagers, alcohol has caused many problems. Today, drinking is the drug of choice by teens and causes most wrecks and deaths today. To understand alcohol people must first know the history of alcohol, the effects of teen drinking, and the solutions to teen drinking.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  AlcoholRead More The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay3674 Words   |  15 Pages Teen alcoholism is a problem that has been plaguing the United States for many decades now. The legal age for alcohol consumption is twenty-one years old in every state of the United States, but this law is commonly broken. The fact that it has not been strictly enforced caused an outbreak of alcohol consumption between minors all over, and because of this, we have been accepting teenage drinking more than ever. The problem lies in the lack of law enforcement, the acceptance by parents and guardiansRead MoreTeenage Alcoholism1078 Words   |  5 Pagesstatistics on alcoholism and alcohol abuse statistics, even though alcohol has been used in a number of diverse ways. a. Throughout history these ways can be called useful, however, known thousands of years ago that abusive and excessive drinking led to negative outcomes and adverse alcohol side effects. b. The symptoms associated with this are mostly societal and personal problems. 2. Research studies have shown that teenage alcoholism is correlated to the age at which teens start drinkingRead MoreEssay about Unbderage Drinking934 Words   |  4 Pages Is Underage Drinking a Big Issue in the United States? Teenagers rarely think before they do many things. Many times teenagers go to big blowouts or little get together with their friends. Their first thought is not about death, their grades, or alcoholism; their main purpose is to get drunk fast and sober up before going home by their set curfews. Each year most teen deaths have been caused from underage drinking in the United States, which is a big topic that the government is trying to preventRead MoreAlcohol and Drug Abuse Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagesa liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent. (Online Dictionary) Although it is legal in the United States it is still illegal to those who aren’t twenty one years of age and other. This includes those persons of age purchasing alcohol for those under age. To some college students, heavy drinking that leads to vomiting is not alcohol abuse but simply having a good time. Alcoholism or alcohol dependence is a chronic disorder characterized by compulsive, repeated, and excessive consumptionRead MoreAlcoholism: Symptoms, Causes, and Effects Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesAlcoholism: Symptoms, Causes, and Effects Composition I April 1, 1997 Alcoholism is a disease that affects many people in the United States today. It not only affects the alcoholic, but also their family, friends, co- workers, and eventually total strangers. The symptoms are many, as are the causes and the effects. Alcoholism is defined as a pattern of drinking in which harmful consequences result for the drinker, yet, they continue to drink. There are two types of drinkers. The first typeRead MoreTeenage Alcoholism1175 Words   |  5 PagesTeenage Alcoholism By Austin J. Russell December 14, 2011 Teenage drinking. What is it about drinking that teenagers find so attractive? Social influences? Confidence? Respect from others? The focus of this article is on why the highest percentage of alcohol drinkers is young people and teenagers like me and the reasons behind that percentage. Statistics show that the highest percentage of alcoholics, at least in the United States lies in the younger population. This figure is 31.5% (wwwRead MoreEssay about Teenage Alcoholism1629 Words   |  7 Pages ALCOHOLISM This research paper is on alcoholism and its affect on teenagers and adults. This piece will fully outline alcohol from its origin, and different types of alcohol, all the way to the treatment of alcohol addiction. Reading this paper will hopefully shed some light on the fact that people with an alcohol addiction do not only hurt and affect themselves, but also make the people around them susceptible to the same fate. I.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ethyl alcohol (also known as drinkingRead MoreLargest Number of Consumers of Alcohol in the United States are Teenages556 Words   |  3 Pagesthe most universally used and abused drug in the United States. An issue that continues to rise in today’s public health is alcohol use. Consuming alcohol in excessive amounts is not only a problem in the United States but worldwide as well. The largest number of consumers is teenagers. During this period of development, teens are faced with a multitude of pressures whether it’s trying to maintain good grades in school or perform well in sports. Teens may also be influenced by various factors thatRead MoreAlcohol Consumption : The Effects Of Alcohol On The Body1312 Words   |  6 PagesAwareness of alcohol and the misuse of alcohol is a very serious and dangerous drug that is affecting individuals and families worldwide. It is a lethal drug that causes physical injuries, mental health problems and eve n deaths. According to the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism studies have shown that serious consequences of consuming alcohol can cause havoc on at least 5 major organs. When alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream it is distributed throughout your body and will The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay From pastures to unsupervised blowouts at home, the social calendars of most teens are full of alcohol. Other drugs rise and fall in popularity from generation to generation, but alcohol never really goes out of style. From being worshiped by the ancient Babylonians to being forbidden to teenagers, alcohol has caused many problems. Today, drinking is the drug of choice by teens and causes most wrecks and deaths today. To understand alcohol people must first know the history of alcohol, the effects of teen drinking, and the solutions to teen drinking. Alcohol has been all around the world for centuries and has become a custom of people all over. No one knows for sure who discovered alcohol, but we know how different types of alcohol†¦show more content†¦Then in the 1700?s, the Americans invented bourbon. Teenagers rarely think before they do many things. Many times teenagers go to big blowouts or little get togethers with their friends. Their first thought is not about death, their grades, or alcoholism; their main purpose is to get drunk fast and sober up before going home by their set curfews. At parties, teenagers have an average of five or more beers in one night. In the United States teenage drinking has become a major problem, with about 3.3 million teens as problem drinkers. ?One-fourth of all seventh through twelfth graders admit to drinking at least once a week?(Nielson 47). About forty percent of twelfth graders said they had one episode of heavy drinking in the past two weeks. Although no one knows why teens turn to drinking, various studies show that the amount of alcohol changes by their geographical location (Nielsen 47). One major problem with teens and alcohol is death. Many teenagers go to parties and drive home thinking that everything is all right, but ?twenty- one percent of young drivers involved in fatal crashes have been drinking? (MADD 1). On a normal weekend, an average of one teenager dies in a car crash every hour, and nearly fifty percent of these crashes were involved with alcohol. ?Uses of alcohol and other drugs are associated with the leading causes of death and injury among teenagers and young adults? (NCADD 1). Not only do car wrecks kill teenagers, so does compulsiveShow MoreRelated The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay3674 Words   |  15 Pages Teen alcoholism is a problem that has been plaguing the United States for many decades now. The legal age for alcohol consumption is twenty-one years old in every state of the United States, but this law is commonly broken. The fact that it has not been strictly enforced caused an outbreak of alcohol consumption between minors all over, and because of this, we have been accepting teenage drinking more than ever. 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How The French Revolution Changed The Face Of Europe

Charles Dickens, born on February 7, 1812 in Portsmouth England, became a successful novelist before the young age of 25. Though a talented writer in many categories, he was the most talented in his fictional works. In 1859, after Dickens became a realist, he wrote the renowned Victorian novel A Tale of Two Cities. The story was written about the French Revolution, even though at the time written, it was years later. Throughout the story, Charles Dickens teaches us lessons through the major themes he writes of. He writes of sacrifice, fate, revenge, and mans inhumanity to man. Through these themes we get a realistic image of how the French Revolution changed the face of Europe. Sacrifice Dr. Manette shows how he sacrifices his sanity for the love of others by using his time in jail as strength, not a weakness. As he says in the story, â€Å"first time the Doctor felt, now, that his suffering was strength and power. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœIt all tended beloved child was helpful in restoring me to myself, I will be helpful now in restoring the dearest part of herself to her; by the aid of Heaven I will do it!† As he is speaking to Lorry, he realizes that he wants to do something to save his daughter’s husband, Charles Darnay. Previously, when Dr. Manette was in his dark time when he was not himself, Lucie took over and became the parent in their situation. She kept him safe and stayed with him when he was not doing well. Now, that he has recovered and is better, he wants the roles to be reversed. HeShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Nationalism In The French Revolution1501 Words   |  7 Pages meant people of the same origin, the most common criteria for a nation were shared a language and history†. In case of France, the nationalism force was very effective and inevitable during the French revolution 1789. It was a great historical event brought many changes in France. Before the revolution, France was controlled by Ancient regime in which common people have had not freedom and rights. The financial crisis made by Louis XVI compelled to establishment of Estates General in which heavyRead MoreThe French Revolution: Napoleon Essay954 Words   |  4 Pages The French Revolution was a period of social and political turmoil in France from 1789 to 1799 that greatly affected modern and French history. It marked the decline of powerful monarchies and the rise of democracy, individual rights and nationalism. This revolution came with many consequences because of the strive for power and wealth, but also had many influential leaders attempting to initiate change in the French government and the economy. 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Declaring that the rights of man should be universal and remainRead MoreThe Era Of The 19th Century1135 Words   |  5 PagesEurope faced an era of revolutions at the wake of the nineteenth ce ntury. Long-standing empires, which had traditionally controlled most of the world –including the Spanish, Chinese, French, and Holy Roman Empires –, collapsed at the beginning of the century, allowing the British Empire to rise to power and establish dominance over a fifth of the Earth’s surface. This political revolution was coupled with the industrial revolution. New manufacturing processes called for large industrial factoriesRead MorePolitical Elements in A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens1228 Words   |  5 Pagesbeneath the rule of King Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette. England is led by King George III and Queen Charlotte Sophia. In the novel, there is revolution occurring in France (1789 to late 1790s). An image of stable England is shown by using revolutionary France as a setting to point out the differences between the two countries. England is freer, while the French are under horrible poverty. The short and the long of it is, that I am a subject of His Most Gracious Majesty King George the Third†¦ and as

Cochlear implants Essay Example For Students

Cochlear implants Essay Cochlear ImplantsA cochlear implant is an electronic device that restores hearing for people anywhere from hard of hearing to the profoundly deaf. The cochlear implant is surgically implanted under the skin behind the ear. The surgeon puts the electrode array inside the inner ear and than inside the cochlea. The implant works by a device outside the ear, which rests on the skin behind the ear. It is held upright by a magnet and is also connected by a lead to a sound professor. What happens when you get a cochlear implant? First, you are given an injection to make you fall asleep. Once youare asleep the hair behind your ear is shaved off. Then you have the operation tat usually lasts from 2-4 hours. The doctor cuts behind your ear and puts the implant into the bone right there. Next he places an electrical array the curls inside your cochlea. When you wake up you are sent home for a few days to rest. After you are all rested you go to an audiologist to get the sound professor programm ed. The sound professor is a main part is allowing you to hear when you have a cochlear implant and when itas not in, you wonat hear anything. Once the sound professor is programmed you with be able to hear. The cochlear implant uses a much different method to enable a person to hear opposed to a normal hearing ear. The cochlear implant has five parts; a microphone, sound processor, head piece, implant and hearing nerve. The microphones function is to capture sound from the outside environment. A sound processor than selects and arranges all the sounds captured from the microphone. The headpiece sends the signal through the skin and to the implant to pick up. Than the implant picks up the sound and sends it through the lead and to the electrode array. Finally, the sound is picked up by the hearing nerve and the message is sent to the brain. When a person with normal hearing hears the sound travels along the ear then bounces against the ear drum. The eardrum, the bones inside, and th e cochlea vibrate and move thousands of tiny hairs inside the ear. When these hairs move an electrical response occurs. This electrical response goes to the hearing nerve and then it is send to the brain. Cochlear implants cost much more then a hearing aid. Insurance companies donat cover the cost of hearing aids however; most companies do cover the cost of getting a cochlear implant. Figuring out the average price of a cochlear implant includes evaluation, the implant itself, surgery and rehabilitation. The total cost including these four things is $40,000.00. Most people think that the fee is well worth it. Cochlear implants are becoming more and more popular now. Even babies as young as 12 months are receiving a cochlear implant. For hearing parents itas more convenient to have their child get a cochlear implant rather then to learn sign language. Hearing parents usually just look for the simple way out because they donat want to have a child who is adifferent.a Most Deaf people are against cochlear implants and hold strong views upon it. If someone in the Deaf culture decides to get a cochlear implant they are most likely shunned from the culture. Deaf donat see anything wrong with them and donat understand why some people would want to go against their culture and into the hearing culture. Deaf also donat think that a baby should be implanted with a Cochlear implant. Most children who get implanted donat learn ASL to communicate in the deaf world and donat learn about their culture. BibliographyCrouch, Robert A., aLetting the Deaf be Deaf Reconsidering the Use of Cochlear Implants in Prelingually Deaf Childrena The Hastings Center Report 27.14 (1997): Wilson Select Plus. OCLC. Macomb Community College Library, Clinton Township, MI. 20 Oct. 2004 . .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b , .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b .postImageUrl , .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b , .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b:hover , .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b:visited , .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b:active { border:0!important; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b:active , .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8eee3d7f6e10fa0273492e55ef887e7b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Media Violence and School Shootings EssayaCochlear Implants and Bacterial Meningitisa FDA Consumer 37.6 n.pa. Wilson Select Plus. OCLC. Macomb Community College Library, Clinton Township, MI. 21 Oct. 2004 . aCochlear Hearing Implants Cost-effective-Studyahttp://archives.cnn.com 13 Nov. 2004aCochlear Implantsa http://www.entnet.org/healthinfo/ears/chchlear-implant.cfm 27 Oct. 2004aCochlear Implantsa http://www.nidcd.nih.gov 27 Oct. 2004

Visual Essentialism and the Object of Visual Culture

No other topic has recently attracted the world’s attention like Visual Culture and this is due to the force at which visuals or pictures are getting into the market (Bryson 2003).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Visual Essentialism and the Object of Visual Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Scholars have staged heated debates on whether visual culture should be an independent discipline in humanities or not. This paper provides a summary of Bal’s article `Visual Essentialism and the Object of Visual Culture’ and subsequently a critique on the chapter â€Å"visual culture†. The paper concludes that time has come for visual culture to be accorded independence and be handled in lecture halls as a discipline. The analysis focuses on the author’s failure to take sides hence giving other scholars to come in and discuss the topic in discussion. It is the views of thes e other scholars that are used to support the paper’s thesis that visual culture should be a discipline. The article kicks off by the author introducing the reader to her thought on the subject of visual culture as a discipline. The article goes on to argue that classifying visual culture as a distinct discipline is like to mix up religion with theology whereby religion is the ‘field’ while theology is its ‘dogmatic intellectual circumscription’(p.2) The article continues to extract that it will be difficult to try to study visual culture using the methodology of an existing discipline because its object can not be studied under the paradigms of any other existing discipline. Before scholars undertook to investigating the fate of the discipline, Bal proposes that visual culture largely require drawing from alternative disciplines that have established themselves well into the field of academics for example; anthropology, psychology and sociology. She continued to argue that there could be compliance that visual culture is a discipline by the fact that it claims a specific object and raises questions about it. Bal concludes her introduction by proposing that visual culture studies be initially treated as a ‘movement’ that can fail to propel and harm no one or succeed at its own advantage or failure. The article presents visual culture studies as a ‘polemical’ issue if taken at face value (p.3) In the part ‘The Impact of Visuality against Objects’ the article discovers that Culture, like visuality faces the difficulty of definition. Here the author argues that understanding culture depends on the way the word culture is used.Advertising Looking for critical writing on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is because the word culture, like many other linguistic terms, derives its meaning from the context of use and this makes it hard to grasp its objective meaning at a particular time. In the part ‘The Death of Culture’ the article emphasizes that culture also is tied by ‘visuality’s many tentacles’ (p. 17). The author therefore declares culture as a dead thing as she puts; â€Å"in making the ‘singular universal’ and making the ‘plural homogenous’, culture loses its existence† (p. 18). In the part ‘Visual Culture’ the article is for the idea that a fate awaits culture because no scholar has ever defined it completely including Raymond Williams (1976). It is clearly stated that the word culture can be useful and misleading at the same time. This part centers its argument in the fact that the problem with the object is its attempt to explain what culture is. The author goes on to argue that visual culture is driven by aim of focusing on questions. The next part is duped ‘The Objectives of Visual Culture Studiesâ₠¬â„¢ which analyses the aims and goal of visual culture studies. First, the part highlights that visual culture can be understood better when it is separated from art history and its methods of analysis. In this regard Hobsbawn (1990) prescribes that, Visual culture must start by exploring and explaining the link between itself and naturalism as seen in museum, schools, histories and discourses of imperialism and racism. The last part of the article, ‘The Question of Method’ sums it up that the goal of visual culture studies must be derived from ‘its object’ and the methods that suits performing the tasks must be clearly drawn. The author in this concluding part argues that methods must be separated from the objects and the goals. From the article, it is clear that, Bal attempted to foretell the possible future of visual culture as an area of study, but she did not come out clearly whether visual culture should be a discipline but preferred leaving it open for other scholars to discuss. At this point let us look keenly on the chapter headed ‘Visual Culture’ where my argument, like the views of many others, is that visual culture studies ought to be launched as a distinct discipline. Firstly visual culture has had an abrupt surge into the discourses of humanity and requires investigation. There is need therefore to reflect on what factors might enhance it or otherwise block it from becoming (Bryson 2003). The chapter ‘visual culture’ starts with an authoritative prescription that goals and methods of visual culture studies must â€Å"seriously engage both terms in their negativity that is: ‘visual’ as impure, discursive and pragmatic while ‘culture’ as shifting, differential located between ‘zones of culture’ and performed in practices of power and resistance† (p. 19). Therefore it is clear from the author’s argument that the terms visual and culture must be analyzed separately before they are integrated into a discipline of study.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Visual Essentialism and the Object of Visual Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The chapter continues to enlist that the differentiation between the high and mass culture should be subjected to test and finally dismissed as merely political. However the author is quick to warn that this abandoning could lead to losing a fundamental tool of analysis. It goes on to defend that this differentiation is what should be the primary object of visual culture studies (p.19). Further the author provides an insight that cultural studies have been responsible for opening up the disciplinary structure of the humanities. It has however, as an interdiscipline, suffered difficulties with all of its enquiries and as a result it always defies the boundaries of humanities leading to the heated intellectual de bate about its position. There is however one major drawback of visual culture that the author identifies in this chapter; that its object (what you study) has changed but the method (how you do the study) has remained static (p.20). This lack of methodology is the only limitation that visual culture has to contend with because it completely denies it persuasive analysis. However visual culture today has an uncontrollable upsurge and if we put bottlenecks before it development, we may end up losing in the game. Presently, the field has become too common through new technologies like print media, electronic media among others. Images are not only socially unavoidable but are also part and parcel of economic mainstreams (Hobsbawn 1990). Today, without pictures (visual), whether canonical or your own, you are like one without sight. It is difficult to imagine a magazine without illustrations, books without images for that would portend life without meaning-an innocent life, blind life. There is a great proliferation of images elsewhere, everywhere and images are no longer escapable in life where all media be it electronic ( television, cinema, internet et cetera) or print ( newspapers, magazines and books) all pump images into the social stage (Bryson 2003) oblivious of the where about of the targeted clientele. And the article reinforces this clearly thus, â€Å"because seeing is an act of interpreting, interpretation can influence ways of seeing, hence, of imagining possibilities of change† (p. 21); visual culture has few steps to becoming an independent discipline.Advertising Looking for critical writing on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is in this understanding that the paper analyses that pictures today are all over and people earn money from the technologies involved, for example in movie industry with even futuristic animated technology like that of blockbusters as avatar all over the world. Magazines cannot sell without the relevant images; commercial models are used to advertise for goods and services in commerce. Visuals therefore have not only become relevant in museums but have had huge influence in all scores of life, political, social economic, aesthetics et cetera. Therefore my view is that, when a phenomena overwhelms the social control with such impunity as visual culture, the best action is to investigate how, why, where, and what next. In this sense the author is right to advise that visual culture should be investigated thoroughly in order to give it a just destiny in our area of studies. The emergence of visual culture as a deserving area of enquiry is deeply rooted in real social processes that are here to stay whatever form it takes in future (Bryson 2003). The proliferation of images today in both production and circulation of visuals is so common in a way that cannot be overlooked (Bryson 2003). Although visual culture is denoted as new by some people, it is not considering that visual culture studies have been there under other disciplines. The traditional art tactic is no longer useful as technology has made it easy to come up with visuals through designing not curving out or assembling natural objects. Software of advanced sophistication is all over and that makes it possible to design visuals, which never was, at a greater speed, efficiency and quality, rightly fitted to a theme. The concept of visual culture therefore badly requires recognition as a discipline within humanities. The chapter also lists that visual culture â€Å"It examines the act of seeing as a product of the tensions between external images or objects, and internal thought processes† (p.19 ) Bal left it at a point where she did not declare her stand and she is categorical that, â€Å"This is why I am reluctant to declare visual culture a branch of cultural studies (p.20). The author here defends her stand by stating that visual culture definition is controversial and each side in the dissenting views has a worthy point to defend. However as a fact of today’s experience designing and stylization need to be taught in class and the art of interpretation professionalized. In the chapter Bal fears that if visual culture is endorsed as a discipline, those who do so might suffer disillusionment should it cease to exist but our experience has it that the visuals are so deeply entrenched into the lives of people that it would be hard for visual study to die off instead, there is thirsty grounds for the discipline that just require to be watered and the discipline will blossom and bear fruits never to be shaken off by seasons. The object of visual culture should be soug ht first in order for us to decide whether visual culture is a discipline or cast it into its former position where it has suffered a Cinderella treatment. The chapter also analyses that if the object domain is visually categorized subject to certain assumptions, approaches and techniques and if it is organized and can be analyzed, then visual culture is undoubtedly a discipline. It es true that visual culture should concentrate some effort on discovering the forces that makes visual essentialism zero its interest in visual culture. This way the subject will qualify to be an independent discipline. In the attempt to understand the ‘object’ Hooper-Greenhill (1989, p.104) says an object is a thing which guides feeling, action and thought. Bal (2003) goes on to argue that visuality is impure because it is itself the act of looking directed to any object that inheres the object domain. Therefore here Hooper-Greenhill agrees with Bal that there can be nothing like visuality without the object. In the same argument the object has to be made first according to Mitchell (2003), who analyses Bal’s article. Mitchell argues that Bal’s phobia in defining an object rather than making it is oscillatory because even the making she proposes is just a process leading to the end definition. Every act of creativity is an act of definition, a process of coming up with a definite identity out of an array of alternatives (Mitchell 2003). Mitchell supports the idea that visual culture is a combination of things brought together and thus visual culture studies must encapsulate such areas as popular culture and media which are as dynamic to capture at a particular time as fast moving jet. These areas, in addition, include non artistic, visual representation, scientific imaging, technical imaging and social acts of seeing and being active in the process, commercial media et cetera (Mitchell 2003). Generally the idea that visual culture must first of all speci fy its object of research in outlining the objective of visual culture require some consideration. The following objects among others are listed to support this point: that visual culture studies must analyze critical points and the way to visual culture and bring down their long established persistence. This is where it must deal with the aim of where visual nature meets with the process and the practices that establishes a given culture (Mirzoeff 1999). This means further that visual culture must separate itself from art history and its method of inquiry. Visual culture therefore must examine the driving force behind realism that inspires its political interest through portrait display. In this ‘cult’ artistic ‘quality’ overshadows faithful representation of the achiever which should be the end (Barlow 1994, p.518). Putting the object before everything else misleads the goal where understanding should come first followed by perception that guides it. Howe ver whatever visual culture is, it is challenging to come up with its definition without referring to visual nature (Mitchell 2003). This is because visuality is made up of many things for example automatic and will reflexes and learnt ones, programmed and freely chosen (Mitchell 2003). Against the author’s proposition of treating visual culture initially as a movement, the above analysis proves that visual culture is a safe ground and we can fearlessly and confidently put our hands into it and come up with successes. However with the innocence of the eye, we should not just walk upright into that decision, we need to tip toe so as to take the foot off when we foresee a soft ground. Visual culture therefore asserts itself in a basket that may be referred to as visuality. The development of images that probes for search of a specific placement, for them is proof enough that something has to be done. The response is the kind of influence visual culture has in the daily life. Th e article treats this discussion with such delicate arms to avoid being left with blame marks should the idea proposed sells, succeeds and fail later. With all this analysis, it is therefore worthy to conclude that visual culture requires special consideration and ought to be taken as a discipline. With all the images I see around that require my attention and earning life for somebody but me, it makes sense to capture whatever skill that produced them as a discipline. That way visual culture will be professionalized after centuries of suffering under other disciplines. If it hadn’t then time has come and it has grown too much to fit in its usual outfit. List of References Bal, M. (2003) Visual Essentialism and the Object of Visual Culture, London: Thousand oaks. Barlow, P. (1994) ‘The Imagined Hero as Incarnate Sign: Thomas Carlyle and the Mythology of the â€Å"National Portrait† in Victorian Britain’, Art History, vol.17, no.4, pp.517-45. Bryson, N. (20 03) Visual culture and the dearth of images, London: Macmillan. Hobsbawm, E.J. (1990) Nations and Nationalism since 1870: Programme, Myth, Reality, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hooper-Greenhill, E. (1989) ‘The Museum in the Disciplinary Society’, in: S. Pearce, ed. Museum Studies in Material Culture, London: Leicester University Press, pp.61-72. Mirzoeff, N. (1999) Introduction to Visual Culture, London: Routledge. Mitchell, W.J.T. (2003) ‘Showing Seeing: A Critique of Visual Culture’, Journal of visual culture, vol.1, no. 3, pp.165-83. Williams, R. (1976). Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, New York: Oxford University Press. This critical writing on Visual Essentialism and the Object of Visual Culture was written and submitted by user Billy Romero to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Dolls House Essay Example

A Dolls House Essay Example A Dolls House Paper A Dolls House Paper One of A Dolls Houses central theme is secession from society. It is demonstrated by several of its characters breaking away from the social standards of their time and acting on their own terms. No one character demonstrates this better than Nora. During the time in which the play took place society frowned upon women asserting themselves. Women were supposed to play a role in which they supported their husbands, took care of their children, and made sure everything was perfect around the house. Work, politics, and decisions were left to the males. Norasfirst secession from society was when she broke the law and decided to borrow money to pay for her husbands treatment. By doing this, she not only broke the law but she stepped away from the role society had placed on her of being totally dependent on her husband. She proved herself not to be helpless like Torvald implied: you poor helpless little creature! Noras second secession from society was shown by her decision to leave Torva ld and her children. Society demanded that she take a place under her husband. This is shown in the way Torvald spoke down to her saying things like: worries that you couldnt possibly help me with, and Nora, Nora, just like a woman. She is almost considered to be property of his: Maynt I look at my dearest treasure? At all the beauty that belongs to no one but me -thats all my very own? By walking out she takes a position equal to her husband and brakes societys expectations. Nora also brakes societys expectations of staying in a marriage since divorce was frowned upon during that era. Her decision was a secession from all expectations put on a woman and a wife by society. Nora secessions are very deliberate and thought out. She knows what society expects of her and continues to do what she feels is right despite them. Her secessions are used by Ibsen to show faults of society. In thefirst secession Ibsen illustrates that despite Related Papers Doll House A Dolls House. Synopsis Theme of a Dolls House Linde and Nora Analysis of a Dolls House The Doll House A Doll’s House Play Searching for a Hero in Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Why does Torvald constantly reprimand Nora for her wastefulness and foolishness while simultaneously supporting her behavior? How to cite this page Choose cite format: A Dolls House. (2018, Apr 27). Retrieved from https://paperap.com/paper-on-a-dolls-house-4/'>APA "A Dolls House." PaperAp.com, 27 Apr 2018, https://paperap.com/paper-on-a-dolls-house-4/'>MLA PaperAp.com. (2018). A Dolls House. [Online]. Available at: https://paperap.com/paper-on-a-dolls-house-4/[Accessed: 21 Sep. 2019]'>Harvard "A Dolls House." PaperAp.com, Apr 27, 2018. Accessed September 21, 2019. https://paperap.com/paper-on-a-dolls-house-4/'>Chicago "A Dolls House." PaperAp.com, 27 Apr 2018, https://paperap.com/paper-on-a-dolls-house-4/'>ASA "A Dolls House," PaperAp.com, 27-Apr-2018. [Online]. Available: https://paperap.com/paper-on-a-dolls-house-4/. [Accessed: 21-Sep-2019]'>IEEE PaperAp.com. (2018). A Dolls House. [Online]. Available at: https://paperap.com/paper-on-a-dolls-house-4/[Accessed: 21-Sep-2019]'>AMA A Dolls House. (2018, Apr 27). Retrieved from https://paperap.com/paper-on-a-dolls-house-4/ Copy to clipboard A Pages:4 Words:826 This is just a sample.To get a unique paper Hire Writer Want to get a price estimate for your Essay? Deadline Paper type Essay (Any Type) Admission Essay Annotated Bibliography Argumentative Essay Article Review Book/Movie Review Business Plan Case Study Coursework Creative Writing Critical Thinking Presentation or Speech Research Paper Research Proposal Term Paper Thesis Other Article (Any Type) Content (Any Type) Q&A Capstone Project Dissertation Lab Report Scholarship Essay Math Problem Statistic Project Research Summary Assignment Dissertation chapter Speech Dissertation chapter: Abstract Dissertation chapter: Introduction Dissertation chapter: Hypothesis Dissertation chapter: Literature Review Dissertation chapter: Methodology Dissertation chapter: Analysis/Results Dissertation chapter: Discussion Dissertation chapter: Conclusion Dissertation Proposal Thesis Statement Thesis Proposal Application Essay Pages 550 words(double spaced) 126 writers online Check Price A limited time offer! Get custom paper sample written according to your requirements urgent 3h delivery guaranteed Order now A Dolls House Paper A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen and Miss Julie by August Strindberg are two plays, the first from 1879 and the latter from 1888, which portrays the life and role of women at their time in society, as both have as their main characters two women Nora Helmer and Miss Julie. Still, the role of women in the two plays is shown to be different. Strindberg, in one hand, conveys in Miss Julie that women are inferior in the society, as he pictures them as a less important form of human beings. In the other hand, Ibsen portrays Nora, at a first look, to be a standard innocent wife showing women to be plain wives, mothers and working at home at the eyes of society. In order to show the need for change, Ibsen illustrates and emphasizes the subordination of women in the social pyramid. The purpose of this essay is to make a comparative analysis in order to understand the lives of these two women and the roles theyve taken up in each play. In A Dolls House, Nora is a housewife married to Torvald Helmer, and she stays at home with her children and managing the household. This is the typical life of a standard wife at that time. Ibsen leads on the play, penetrating and unveiling Nora in a subtle way conveying a huge effect. At the beginning he illustrates Nora to be taking the most normal life, and Torvald to be the husband who goes to work, and earns the money to support his family the usual patriarchal society of that time. Nora just seems to be like a doll, as perfect a wife and mother can be, and innocent too, as she is completely dependent on her husband. She also has a childish behavior towards Torvald as she speaks to him in a foolish way Pooh, we can always borrow till then, at other times she has small attacks of disobedience and she is irresponsible in an immature way. Oh, do, Torvald please, please do! Then Ill wrap it in a pretty gold paper and hang it on the Christmas tree. Wouldnt that be fun? The role of men and women can be seen to be different at this point since the men is the one earning the money through his work and the wife spends it on house duties. Therefore Torvald is able to manipulate Nora because he is the one in control of the money. Just like your father always on the look-out for all the money you can get, but the moment you have it, it seems to slip through your fingers and you never know what becomes of it. Well I must take you as you are its in your blood. Oh yes, Nora, these things are hereditary. Nora appreciates the way that women are able to conquer things by using there feminine seducing power, hence she uses this as a way to diminish her husbands supremacy. [not looking at him playing with his waistcoat buttons]: If you really want to give me something, you could well, you could As the conflicts in the play arise, it can be clearly seen that Noras primary struggle is against Torvald that is a selfish and oppressive husband, which represents a group that have masculine ideas towards society. For that reason it can be conveyed that the play suggests the inferiority of women beyond men. Torvald treats Nora as if she was a child, he doesnt take her seriously and therefore she may never stand in a position to contradict him as it is conveyed by the following quote: Didnt Little Sweet-Tooth just look in at the confectioners? Nevertheless as we discover more about Nora, it is suggested that she isnt as innocent and childish as she seems to be. It is reviewed that Nora, for the first time throughout the play took an action by herself. She faked her fathers signature in order to borrow money and pay the trip with her husband that was very ill. Even though what Nora did is illegal she is proud of it: I have something to be proud of. It was I who saved Torvalds life. She believes it was done for a good reason and therefore the crime should be ignored. By the end of the play the main conflict concerning Nora facing men arises and as a consequence she leaves Torvald to go make something out of her life. Nora believes that she has been acting throughout her life in order to make other people happy, like Torvald and her father, but now she is no longer carrying this further so she tells her husband everything that she feels. I have been performing tricks for you, Torvald. Thats how Ive survived. You wanted it like that. You and Papa have done me a great wrong. Its because of you Ive made nothing of my life.

The Treaty of Versailles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Treaty of Versailles - Essay Example Certainly after President Wilson’s 14 points speech, it was clear though that the U.S. interest went beyond the defense of its marine. Out of the famous ‘Fourteen Point’ 1918 speech from which the President hoped to bring a ‘‘peace without victory’’, eight of the points directly dealt with territorial and political settlements. These points extended to the ideology of self-rule nationalism in various ethnic populations in Europe. The rest focused on prevention of future war. As stated by Roark et al. (p.25-9), when negotiating the Versailles Treaty, Wilson used the Fourteen Points as the foundation that ended the First World War. His role in the conference that led to the Treaty felt like some of his points were adopted while others were not. In what seemed like failed American ratification of the war, League of Nations was created, freedom of the sea, creation of Poland, reduction of armaments, and independence for Turkey and other nations were agreed upon from Wilson’s Fourteen points scheme. However, the political interest with which the President negotiated using his Fourteen Points scheme failed to be adopted fully. Even though the treaty was not fully keen on the U.S. ‘‘unselfish’’ vision, Wilson’s Fourteen Points is still memorial and powerful assertion of the real strain in the American diplomatic

Critically review and reflect on the reasons why organizations are Essay

Critically review and reflect on the reasons why organizations are using Project Management to achieve their strategic objective - Essay Example Many organizations term project management as a pre-requisite to meeting the strategic objectives. And before approaching any strategic aspect, it is being ensured that project management rules and been followed and project management structure is in place. It is commonly seen that projects often fail due to improper implementation of project management scheme (Morris & Sember, 2008). While scenarios where project management was implemented to the full, have mostly insured success. Project management is a separate discipline in itself and has a list of activities and procedures to it, along with the tools and techniques that help in making the task easy. The importance of Project management in modern times has been more than ever before and for this reason, nearly all organizations have project management scheme in place. Project management in other words is defined as all those actions, strategies, tools and techniques that lead to achieving the strategic objectives (Tonnquist, 2009 ). Strategic objectives on other hand are defined as those factors that impact the organization and its entities in a direct manner. These can be met through clear definition of the elements that contribute towards their accomplishment. These elements are namely, clear and focused vision about objectives, presence of communication channels, work break down structure, assigning of roles to the suitable personnel, making sufficient use of the resources; prepare a plan for the emergency situations. Focus on objectives: One of the most important factors any organization needs to take into consideration is the clear vision in terms of the goals to be achieved. Deviations are expected any time during the project and organizational activities, with help of clearly defined objectives the chances of deviations can be reduced. Before emphasizing on the need for project management, it is vital to understand and define the elements that constitute strategic objectives. Strategic objectives can be in terms of the overall productivity, budget allocation, social factors, the proper relationship establishment with the stakeholders, maintaining the communication channels, individual personnel that are of high importance to the organization, hence all those factors that have an impact on final result. Customers Aspect: Customers hold the key to the success and failure of any organization. Their response can turn an organization either way. Customer satisfaction is a universal strategic objective that is the front line desire of almost every organization. Meeting the customer demands requires proper planning. The field of project management provides ample guidance towards customer satisfaction (Kerzner & Sponholtz,pg 23, 2007). The scope of project management is very vast and it makes up for an entire discipline, it has few basic elements namely: Planning Organizing Controlling Staffing Leading Every organization needs the above mentioned elements to be in place in order to meet their strategic objectives (Weihrich & Cannice, 2010). Co-relation between planning and Organizational Effectively: A co relation can be established between the organizational functions and project management in many aspects. Planning is one of them. Organizations need planning to be in place while project management provides guidelines for achieving this planning. A famous saying goes about planning that â€Å"Failing to plan is planning to fail† (Hess, et al., pg 454,2011), under the principles of project manage

Hathaway and Scottish Power Essay Example for Free

Hathaway and Scottish Power Essay 1.What is the possible meaning of the changes in stock price for Berkshire Hathaway and Scottish Power plc on the day of the acquisition announcement? Specifically, what does the $2.55 billion gain in Berkshire’s market value of equity imply about the intrinsic value of PacifiCorp? 2.Based on the multiples for comparable regulated utilities, what is the range of possible values for PacifiCorp? What questions might you have about this range? 3.Assess the bid for PacifiCorp. How does it compare with the firm’s intrinsic value? As an alternative, the instructor could suggest that students perform a simple discounted cash-flow (DCF) analysis. 4.How well has Berkshire Hathaway performed? How well has it performed in the aggregate? What about its investment in MidAmerican Energy Holdings? 5.What is your assessment of Berkshire’s investments in Buffett’s Big Four: American Express, Coca-Cola, Gillette, and Wells Fargo? 6.From Warren Buffett’s perspective, what is the intrinsic value? Why is it accorded such importance? How is it estimated? What are the alternatives to intrinsic value? Why does Buffett reject them? 7.Critically assess Buffett’s investment philosophy. Be prepared to identify points where you agree and disagree with him. 8.Should Berkshire Hathaway’s shareholders endorse the acquisition of PacifiCorp? 1.What does the stock market seem to be saying about the acquisition of PacifiCorp by Berkshire Hathaway? 2.Based on your own analysis, what do you think PacifiCorp was worth on its own before its acquisition by Berkshire? 3.Do you think Buffett is overpaying? 4.Here are the major elements of Buffett’s philosophy. What do those elements mean? Do you agree with them? 5.Let’s return to the basic issue. Is the PacifiCorp acquisition a good or bad deal? Why?

If Slavery were Considered Moral :: Slavery

Describe the differences of this time period if slavery was considered "right". ISSUES TO UNDERSTAND CH. 14 1) The Compromise of 1850 was a dispute on whether or not Mexico (gained by US) would become a slave or free state. The northerners didn't want the 36'30' line to be moved to the Pacific and the southerners didn't want "free soilism" which would make Mexico a free state. Northerners gained from the Compromise California as a free state, New Mexico and Utah as likely future slave states, a favorable settlement of the New Mexico-Texas boundary, and the abolition of the slave trade in the District of Colombia. Southerners gained the burial of the Wilmot Proviso's persistence of new territories being free states, but the position of the free-soilers remained viable, for the compromise left open the question of whether Congress could prohibit slavery in territories outside the Mexican cession. Ââ€"How did the Compromise of 180 affect Southerners? 2) The Fugitive Slave Act affected the relationship between the two sides because often when a slave would leave and escape to the North, northerners wouldn't do anything to help get the slave back, in fact, in most incidents northerners tried to help keep slaves away from southerners if they escaped. South began to realize that opposition to slavery in the North was a threat to what they believed.-What was the Fugitive Slave Act and how did it hurt Southerners? 3) Uncle Tom's Cabin made many people convert to the belief that slavery was wrong and evil. It caused many people to view southerners as evil people. It also made northerners have sympathy for black slaves.-How did this book affect people's view of slavery? 4) The second party system collapsed because Whigs began to split into two groups: the American (know-nothing) Party and the Republican Party. Whigs also began to fall apart because of immigration. They thought immigration would not be important because they wouldn't be a big enough force for voting. So when the Whigs tried to get immigrant votes it just backfired and caused them to lose some ground with Protestant Whigs because the party had a hard anti-immigrant stand. Ââ€"What was the second party system? 5) The Nebraska-Kansas Act made many people angry because they thought that it was another territory that would be a slave state and not free. The idea of making it a state was to benefit Northerners because they were going to put a railroad system going through the Midwest to the pacific.

Distinction of Sex and Gender

1. The sex/gender distinction. The terms ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ mean different things to different feminist theorists and neither are easy or straightforward to characterize. Sketching out some feminist history of the terms provides a helpful starting point. 1. 1 Biological determinism Most people ordinarily seem to think that sex and gender are coextensive: women are human females, men are human males. Many feminists have historically disagreed and have endorsed the sex/ gender distinction.Provisionally: ‘sex’ denotes human females and males depending on biological features (chromosomes, sex organs, hormones and other physical features);‘gender’ denotes women and men depending on social factors (social role, position, behaviour or identity). The main feminist motivation for making this distinction was to counter biological determinism or the view that biology is destiny. A typical example of a biological determinist view is that of Ged des and Thompson who, in 1889, argued that social, psychological and behavioural traits were caused by metabolic state.Women supposedly conserve energy (being ‘anabolic’) and this makes them passive, conservative, sluggish, stable and uninterested in politics. Men expend their surplus energy (being ‘katabolic’) and this makes them eager, energetic, passionate, variable and, thereby, interested in political and social matters. These biological ‘facts’ about metabolic states were used not only to explain behavioural differences between women and men but also to justify what our social and political arrangements have to be.It would be inappropriate to grant women political rights, as they are simply not suited to have those rights; it would also be futile since women (due to their biology) would simply not be interested in exercising their political rights. To counter this kind of biological determinism, feminists have argued that behavioural and psychological differences have social, rather than biological, causes. For instance, Simone de Beauvoir famously claimed that one is not born, but rather becomes a woman, and that â€Å"social discrimination produces in women moral and intellectual effects so profound that they appear to be caused by nature†.Commonly observed behavioural traits associated with women and men, then, are not caused by anatomy or chromosomes. Rather, they are culturally learned or acquired. Although biological determinism of the kind endorsed by Geddes and Thompson is nowadays uncommon, the idea that behavioural and psychological differences between women and men have biological causes has not disappeared. In the 1970s, sex differences were used to argue that women should not become airline pilots since they will be hormonally unstable once a month and, therefore, unable to perform their duties as well as men (Rogers 1999, 11).More recently, differences in male and female brains have been said to explain behavioural differences; in particular, the anatomy of corpus callosum, a bundle of nerves that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres, is thought to be responsible for various psychological and behavioural differences. 1. 2 Gender terminology In order to distinguish biological differences from social/psychological ones and to talk about the latter, feminists appropriated the term ‘gender’.Psychologists writing on trans sexuality were the first to employ gender terminology in this sense. However, in order to explain why some people felt that they were ‘trapped in the wrong bodies’, the psychologist Robert Stoller (1968) began using the terms ‘sex’ to pick out biological traits and ‘gender’ to pick out the amount of femininity and masculinity a person showed. Along with psychologists like Stoller, feminists found it useful to distinguish sex and gender.This enabled them to argue that many differences between women and men were socially produced and, therefore, changeable. For instance Gayle Rubin's thought was that although biological differences are fixed, gender differences are the oppressive results of social interventions that dictate how women and men should behave. Women are oppressed as women and â€Å"by having to be women† (Rubin 1975, 204). However, since gender is social, it is thought to be changeable and adjustable by political and social reform that would ultimately bring an end to women's subordination.Feminism should aim to create a â€Å"genderless (though not sexless) society, in which one's sexual anatomy is irrelevant to who one is, what one does, and with whom one makes love† (Rubin 1975, 204). In some earlier interpretations, like Rubin's, sex and gender were thought to complement one another. The slogan ‘Gender is the social interpretation of sex’ captures this view. Nicholson calls this ‘the coat-rack view’ of gender: our sexed bodies are like coat racks and â€Å"provide the site upon which gender [is] constructed† (1994, 81).Gender conceived of as masculinity and femininity is superimposed upon the ‘coat-rack’ of sex as each society imposes on sexed bodies their cultural conceptions of how males and females should behave. This socially constructs gender differences – or the amount of femininity/masculinity of a person– upon our sexed bodies. That is, according to this interpretation, all humans are either male or female; their sex is fixed. But cultures interpret sexed bodies differently and project different norms on those bodies thereby creating feminine and masculine persons.So, this group of feminist arguments against biological determinism suggested that gender differences result from cultural practices and social expectations. Nowadays it is more common to denote this by saying that gender is socially constructed. This means that genders (women and men) and gendere d traits (like being nurturing or ambitious) are the â€Å"intended or unintended product[s] of a social practice† (Haslanger 1995, 97). But which social practices construct gender, what social construction is and what being of a certain gender amounts to are major feminist controversies.There is no consensus on these issues. (See the entry on Intersections between Analytic and Continental Feminism for more on different ways to understand gender. ) 5. Conclusion This entry first looked at feminist arguments against biological determinism and the claim that gender is socially constructed. Next, it examined feminist critiques of prevalent understandings of gender and sex, and the distinction itself. In response to these concerns, the final section looked at how a unified women's category could be articulated for feminist political purposes and illustrated (at least) two things.First, that gender — or what it is to be a woman or a man — is still very much a live is sue. Second, that feminists have not entirely given up the view that gender is about social factors and that it is (in some sense) distinct from biological sex. The jury is still out on what the best, the most useful or (even) the correct definition of gender is. And some contemporary feminists still find there to be value in the original 1960s sex/gender distinction.